MT... I don't know if you were serious or not...
If you were just joking, plz do a better job.
If you were serious... please do some fact checking! I know you're not that great with English, but it was tedious trying to understand what you were trying to convey.
HERE GOES...
Earth's radius is ~6,371 Km (Diameter ~ 12,742 Km) way off from 40,000 Km. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/pro ... ject=Earth
Earth's rotation is indeed 24 hours, but varying the speed of the rotation will not change the average temperatures.
No/Slow axial rotation leads to longer days, which will cause temperatures in the daytime to be warmer, whereas nighttime will become cooler. Stronger temperature differences but at a slower frequency.
Fast axial rotation will cause days to become shorter. Days will not be as warm and nights won't become as cool. Lower Temperature differences but at a higher frequency.
If Earth's axial rotation is the same rate as the Earth's rotation around the Sun where one side of the planet always faces the Sun (Tidal locked) and the other side in perpetual darkness, there would be extreme temperature differences but no frequency changes. The area (forgot the name) between the extremes will have moderate temperatures but likely have extreme weather conditions (if atmosphere is present).
If Earth is to suddenly lose half of its weight or gain double its weight at the current orbital distance from the sun, with the current orbital angular velocity (orbital period)... then yes, the Earth would leave its current orbital path. Either towards or away from the Sun. Jupiter has a larger radius and mass than Earth, but it doesn't travel towards the Sun. This is due to the fact that Jupiter is further away from the Sun and Gravity has less effect on it. Another reason is because Jupiter's orbital period is ~11.9 times longer than Earth's. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/com ... t2=Jupiter
You do realize that we came after the Earth was 'created'. Meaning that our solar system (including Earth) could be on the other side of the 'known' Universe and you would still be asking the same question, kind of redundant if you ask me. We wouldn't be here in the first place if the conditions weren't met before hand. If the planet was going at a faster angular velocity, it would leave the sun. If the planet was going at a slower velocity, it would go towards the Sun, denying the possibility of life to develop in the first place.
Earth's orbit is not a circle, it is elliptical. Earth's distance from the Sun varies from ~147 million Km (closest to the Sun) to ~152 million Km (farthest from the Sun). Earth's distance change is ~5 million Km, way more than 5000 Km you claim and life is still thriving. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/pro ... tem=Metric
This is all for now.
Cheers
Yanoda